Comparative Analysis of the Multipliers

Till now we have seen classification as well as some examples of multipliers like Braun, Booth, Wallace Tree and Dadda Multiplier. This article will present a comparative analysis of the multipliers. The comparison will be between the the two types of multipliers i.e. Array and Tree. Each one has its own merits and demerits. We will be diving in the details.

Parameter	Array Multiplier	Tree Multiplier
Operation Speed	Low Speed	High Speed
Time Delay	More Delay	Most Delay
Area	More Area (More Adders)	Medium Area
Complexity	Less Complex	More Complex
Power Consumption	Very High	High

                   Table 1: Analysis of different types of multipliers

Design Summary	Array Multiplier	Tree Multiplier
No. of slice flip-flops	6 (2400 available)	8 (2400 available)
Total no. of 4 input LUTs	16	12 (2400 available)
IOB flip-flops	8	6
Total equivalent gate count	208	142
Total Power Consumed	26.72W	26.95W

                            Table 2: Comparison between the design parameters

Table 3: Complexity of Multipliers

Table 4: Delay Comparison

From the above tables, it is clear that tree multiplier is an advanced version in comparison with array multiplier. The operation speed, area and efficiency is of a tree multiplier is greater than it's counterpart. But it comes at a cost. The delay, complexity and power consumption is more in a tree multiplier. Tree multiplier uses partial products which is absent in array multipliers. Hence they require more gates as compared to tree multipliers.

Finally, one has to choose a multiplier based on his application. For academic purposes or less complex tasks, array multiplier would be sufficient. But instances where area and speed are of utmost importance tree multiplier is a must.

This was all from our blog "Multipliers in Digital Circuits". Thank you for your time. Hoping to write more technical blogs in the future.

References:

[1]  Deeksha Kiran D K, Shilpa R, Kavyashree B, VLSI Implementation of Braun Multiplier using Full Adder, International Conference on Current Trends in Computer, Electrical, Electronics and Communication (ICCTCEEC-2017).

[2]  S.Alexander, A Review of Different Multipliers in Digital Circuits, International Journal of MC Square Scientific Research Vol.4, No.1 Nov 2012.

[3]  Sakthivel.B 1, K. Maheshwari 2, J. Manojprabakar 3, S.Nandhini 4, A.Saravanapriya5, IMPLEMENTATION OF BOOTH MULTIPLIER AND MODIFIED BOOTH MULTIPLIER, International Journal of Recent Trends in Engineering & Research (IJRTER), Conference on Electronics, Information and Communication Systems (CELICS’17).

[4]  Priyanka Mishra1, Seema Nayak2, A study on Wallace tree multiplier, International Journal of Advance Research in Science and Engineering, April 2018.

[5]  B. Ramkumar, V. Sreedeep and Harish M Kittur, Member, IEEE, A Design Technique for Faster Dadda Multiplier.

[6] https://eee.guc.edu.eg/Courses/Electronics/ELCT706%20Microelectronics%20Lab/winter%202014/Multipliers.pdf

[7] Shanmuganathan, R., & Brindhadevi, K. (2019). Comparative analysis of various types of multipliers for effective low power. Microelectronic Engineering.

Authors: Utkarsh Jakate, Chinmay Jangle, Dhananjay Joijode, Sameer Karoshi